This scientific poster presents a participatory cross-sectional study conducted among Amazonian indigenous communities in Peru to investigate factors influencing adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART). Applying the SMAQ questionnaire and an ad-hoc instrument for sociodemographic variables, the study identified that only 28.8% of participants reported complete adherence to ART. Key associated factors were occupation, economic income, and adverse reactions to therapy. The research underscores the importance of intercultural dialogue and participative methodologies, highlighting the collaborative nature between researchers, health managers, and communities, which facilitated a rapid implementation of health interventions in a culturally respectful manner.